• Excess mortality in Russia and its regions compared to high income countries: An analysis of monthly series of 2020 

      Timonin, Sergey; Klimkin, Ilya; Shkolnikov, Vladimir M.; Andreev, Evgeny; McKee, Martin; Leon, David A. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-21)
      Background: Russia has been portrayed in media as having one of the highest death tolls due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the world. However, the precise scale of excess mortality is still unclear. We provide the first estimates of excess mortality in Russia as a whole and its regions in 2020, placing this in an international context. Methods: We used monthly death rates for Russia and 83 regions ...
    • What should be the baseline when calculating excess mortality? New approaches suggest that we have underestimated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and previous winter peaks 

      Shkolnikov, Vladimir M.; Klimkin, Ilya; McKee, Martin; Jdanov, Dmitri A.; Alustiza-Galarza, Ainhoa; Németh, László; Timonin, Sergey A.; Nepomuceno, Marília R.; Andreev, Evgeny M.; Leon, David A. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-06-18)
      Excess mortality has been used to measure the impact of COVID-19 over time and across countries. But what baseline should be chosen? We propose two novel approaches: an alternative retrospective baseline derived from the lowest weekly death rates achieved in previous years and a within-year baseline based on the average of the 13 lowest weekly death rates within the same year. These baselines express ...